所謂“養花”，那當然是要“養”啦。修剪技術在花卉養護過程中，是非常重要的。 　　Q1、花卉為什么要修剪 　　養花“七分靠管，三分靠剪“的花諺，是一條重要的養花經驗。通過修剪，不僅可使花卉枝條分布均勻、節省養分、調節株勢、控制徒長，從而使花卉株形整齊、姿態優美，而更重要的是有利于多開花。大多數花卉的花朵都開在新枝上，只有不斷修剪老枝，才能促發新枝，多開花，多結 果。修剪一般分為以下兩種： 　　( 1 ) 休眠期修剪： 主要是進行疏枝和短截。 宜在早春樹液剛開始流動， 芽即將萌動時進行。修剪太早，傷口不易愈合，芽萌發新梢易受凍害;修 剪過晚，新梢已萌發，浪費養分; 　　( 2 ) 生長期修剪： 主要是為了調節營養生長， 包括摘心、 抹芽、 疏花、 疏果、剪除徒長枝等項工作。生長期間，隨時右以進行。 　　Q2、一般盆栽花卉什么時間修剪好？ 　　不同類型的花木，修剪的時間不同。修剪以觀花為主的花木類時，首 先要掌握不同花木的開花習性。凡春季開花，如梅花、碧桃、迎春等 , 花芽是在頭一年枝條上形成的，因此冬季不宜修剪，早春發芽前也不宜修剪，否則會剪掉花枝，應在開花后 1 —2 周內修剪，促使萌發新梢，又可形成來年的花枝。如果等到秋、冬季修剪，夏季已形成有花芽的枝條就會受到損傷， 影響第二年開花。 　　凡是在當年生枝條上開花的花木， 如月季、扶桑、一品紅、木芙蓉、金橘、代代、佛手等，應在冬季休眠進行修剪， 促其多發新梢、多開花、多結果。蔓生性木本花卉，一般應于休眠期或冬 季修剪，以便保持整齊、勻稱、優美的株形。以直為主的花木，亦多在休 眠期修剪。 　　Q3、怎么樣進行摘心？ 　　摘心是用手指掐去(或剪掉)花卉主莖或側枝的頂梢，促使腋芽萌發 或抑制枝條徒長，使植株生長粗壯、美觀、花朵數目增多。 　　一般草本花卉， 如一串紅、金魚草、五色椒、長春花等，幼苗定植成活后，株高約 10 厘米 時，即可進行打頂，促使其多分枝、多開花。又如四季海棠、倒掛金鐘、菊花等，小苗定植成活后，應進行摘心，促使多發側枝，株形豐富，增加開花數目。但對一些摘心后使花朵變小或不能開花的花卉，如鳳仙花、雞冠花、江西臘等，則不宜摘心。 　　一些木本花卉多在春季換盆時或主枝生長旺盛時進行打頂摘心，使其加快分枝的形成。如石榴、月季、梅花、一品 紅、葉子花、夜丁香等，可根據栽培目的和植株長勢多次打頂。 　　Q4、灌木類植物如何修剪？ 　　園林中灌木一般可分為觀花、觀果、觀枝干等三類。應根據不同的觀賞目的采用不同的修剪方法。以觀花為主的灌木，常見的有迎春、連翹、 黃刺玫、紫荊、丁香等，它們的花芽都是在頭一年枝條上形成的，因此修剪宜在五六月開花過后進行。 　　夏季修剪以疏枝整形為主，剪去交叉枝、徒 長枝、密生枝、病蟲枝及枯枝，以利通風透光，使養分集中;對花后殘留 枝梢可截短，促其生長，以利來年多開花。 　　對于夏季開花的灌木，如玫瑰、 木槿、枸杞、紫薇等，它們是在當年春季發出的新梢上開花，所以修剪在 冬季落葉后進行。剪除過密枝、枯枝以及病蟲害枝等。疏枝時殘樁不能留得過長，一般上切口從分枝點起，按 45 °傾斜角剪截，切口要平滑。弱枝 重剪，強枝輕剪，每個枝條上可保留 4 —— 6 個芽子，其余部分截去。 　　既能觀花又能觀果的灌木，如冬青、金銀木等，花后適當剪除一些過密枝和病 蟲枝，使之通風透光，以利結果。對于觀枝干一些灌木，如紅瑞木、棣棠等，因主要是觀賞其鮮艷的幼嫩枝條，所以可于每年冬季進行重剪，地上部分僅留 15 厘米—20 厘米，其余部分剪去，促使其來年萌發更多的新枝。 The so-called "planting flowers", of course, is to "raise". The technique of pruning is very important in the process of flower curing. Q1, flowers why want to be pruned to raise the flower "seven cent by the tube, the three cent depend on cut" the flower proverb, is an important to raise the flower experience. Through the clip, not only can make the flower branches distributed evenly, saves the moderate growth, nutrient, the strain of potential adjustment and control to make flowers plant neat and beautiful posture, but more importantly to blossom. The flowers of most flowers are on new branches, and only by pruning the old branches can they spur new branches, blossom and bear fruit. There are two types of pruning: (1) the period of sleep pruning: the main thing is to do the pruning and the short cut. At the beginning of the spring tree, the buds will start to move. It is too early to cut, and the wound is not easy to heal. After the evening, the new ends have been germinated and wasted on nutrients; (2) the growing season pruning: mainly to regulate vegetative growth, including the heart, sprouting, flower, fruit thinning, cut off water sprout and so on a work. During growth, always go right to the right. What time do you want to trim the plants? Different kinds of flowers and trees, different time of pruning. When pruning to look at the flower and wood like the main flower, first need to grasp the flowering habit of different flowers and trees. Every spring flowers, such as plum, prunus persica, winter jasmine, flower bud is formed in the first year branches, so winter is unfavorable and pruning, unfavorable also clip before early spring bud, otherwise it will cut flowers, should be within 1-2 weeks after flowering clip, prompted germination of new tip, and can form flowers in the coming year. If you wait until the autumn and winter season, the buds will be damaged in the summer, and the next year will be affected. Anyone born in the year on flowering branches of flowers and trees, such as Chinese rose, mulberry, poinsettia, cotton rose, kumquat, handed down, bergamot, etc., shall be carried out in winter dormancy clip, promote its multiple new tip and flowering and results. The plant is a plant of woody plants that should be pruned during sleep or winter season in order to maintain neat, symmetrical and graceful strains. The flowers and trees, mainly for the main, are also pruned during the rest of the period. Q3, how do you pick your heart? Pick heart is with your fingers choke to (or off) flower stalk or collateral tops, prompting axillary bud germination moderate growth, or inhibition of branches to make plants grow thick, beautiful, flower number increase. Typically herbaceous flowers, such as string, antirrhinum, five color pepper, periwinkle, seedling survival after engraftment, plant height of about 10 centimeters, can be in multi-topping, its branches and flower. Again, like the four seasons, the golden bell, the chrysanthemum, etc., when the seedling is planted, the seedling should be taken to the core, which should be taken to the center of the tree, and the plant will be rich, and will increase the number of flowers. But to some flowers that make the flower smaller or do not blossom in the heart, such as impatiens, cockscomb, jiangxi wax, it is unfavorable to pick the heart. Some of the wood flowers in the spring change the time of the basin or the main branch of the main branch when the growth is vigorous and the top pick the heart, make it accelerate the formation of branch. Such as pomegranate, the moon season, plum blossom, pink, leaf, lilac, etc., can be set up several times according to the cultivation purpose and the growing trend of the plant. Q4. How do you trim the shrubs? In the garden, the shrubs can be divided into three categories: flower, fruit and branch. Different pruning methods should be adopted according to different viewing purposes. Is given priority to with flower shrubs, common winter jasmine, forsythia, yellow dahurian rose fruit, Chinese redbud, clove and so on, their flower bud are formed in the first year branches, so after pruning should blossom in May and June. The summer pruning is dominated by pruning and pruning, pruning branches, boughs, branches, and branches and branches, and the light of the light, and the concentration of nutrients; After the flowers, the sticks can be cut short to make it grow. For summer flowering shrubs, such as roses, hibiscus, Chinese wolfberry, crape myrtle, etc., they are out on the new shoots of flowering in the spring, so after pruning lose their leaves in winter. Cut off the branches, branches, and pests. Branches stumps cannot stay too long, generally the incision from the branch point, according to the 45 ° Angle cutting, incision smooth. The weak branches are sheared, the branches are sheared, and each branch has four or six buds, and the rest is cut off. To flower and fruit of shrubs, such as Holly, gold and silver wood, take appropriate after cut off some overcrowded branches insect and disease branch, ventilation pervious to light, and the results. To view some branches shrubs, such as cornus alba, kerria japonica, etc., mainly see the bright young branches, so can undertake weighing shears in every winter, the ground part, about 15 cm, 20 cm, cut off, the rest get its germination in the coming year more branches.